The acts of the general chapters and the statutes of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem issued at the time of the grand master Hélion de Villeneuve show the vitality of the Hospitallers in the Mediterranean geopolitical horizon of the 14th century. The knights of Rhodes were able to respond to the challenges of the time, following the fall of Acre and the end of the Crusader experience in the Holy Land, by reorienting their mission of defending Christendom against the Turks. To achieve this, Hélion de Villeneuve, chosen by the Pope to overcome an internal crisis, had to strengthen the constitutional structure of the Order. He redefined the relationships between the master, the pope himself, the oligarchy of the Convent of Rhodes, the leaders of the western priories and commanderies, and all the brothers (knights, clerics and sergeants) living in both the East and the West. The norms issued during the general chapters covered administrative, ethical, financial and liturgical matters and were transmitted in various languages, reflecting the international character of the Order, whose possessions stretched across a vast distance, from Cyprus to the British Isles.
Gli atti dei capitoli generali e gli statuti dell’Ordine di San Giovanni di Gerusalemme emanati al tempo del maestro Hélion de Villeneuve mostrano tutta la vitalità degli Ospitalieri nello scacchiere geopolitico mediterraneo del Trecento. Le norme, che trattano questioni gestionali, finanziarie, etiche e liturgiche, furono trasmesse in diverse lingue, specchio della dimensione internazionale dell’Ordine, i cui possedimenti spaziavano in un orizzonte vastissimo, da Cipro alle isole britanniche. In seguito alla caduta di Acri e alla fine dell’esperienza crociata in Terra Santa, i cavalieri di Rodi furono capaci di rispondere alle sfide del momento, conquistando il Dodecaneso, acquisendo buona parte dei beni templari e orientando la loro missione di difesa della Cristianità in funzione antiturca. Per farlo, Hélion de Villeneuve, scelto dal papa per superare una crisi intestina, dovette consolidare l’assetto costituzionale dell’Ordine, ridefinendo i rapporti tra il maestro, la curia pontificia, l’oligarchia del convento di Rodi e tutti i fratres che vivevano nelle parti cismarine e ultramarine.
Da Montpellier a Rodi. I capitoli generali e gli statuti giovanniti di Hélion de Villeneuve (1330-1344)
Perta, Giuseppe
2025-01-01
Abstract
The acts of the general chapters and the statutes of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem issued at the time of the grand master Hélion de Villeneuve show the vitality of the Hospitallers in the Mediterranean geopolitical horizon of the 14th century. The knights of Rhodes were able to respond to the challenges of the time, following the fall of Acre and the end of the Crusader experience in the Holy Land, by reorienting their mission of defending Christendom against the Turks. To achieve this, Hélion de Villeneuve, chosen by the Pope to overcome an internal crisis, had to strengthen the constitutional structure of the Order. He redefined the relationships between the master, the pope himself, the oligarchy of the Convent of Rhodes, the leaders of the western priories and commanderies, and all the brothers (knights, clerics and sergeants) living in both the East and the West. The norms issued during the general chapters covered administrative, ethical, financial and liturgical matters and were transmitted in various languages, reflecting the international character of the Order, whose possessions stretched across a vast distance, from Cyprus to the British Isles.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.